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<p>$$\lambda=2$$</p>
<p>$$v=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\begin{array}{l}1 \\ 1\end{array}\right)$$</p>

<p>$1$. Bestimme das charakteristische Polynom</p>


<p><mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="1" style="vertical-align: 0;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.131ex" height="1.507ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 500 666" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-210-TEX-N-31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><use data-c="31" xlink:href="#MJX-210-TEX-N-31"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container>. Bestimme das charakteristische Polynom</p>


<p>$$\begin{align*}</p>
<p>\chi_{A}(\lambda)&amp;=\det(A-\lambda E)</p>
<p>\phantom{\chi_{A}(\lambda)}\\\\</p>
<p>&amp;=\det\left(\begin{array}{cc}3-\lambda &amp; -1 \\ 1 &amp; 1-\lambda\end{array}\right)</p>
<p>\phantom{\chi_{A}(\lambda)}\\\\</p>
<p>&amp;=(3-\lambda)(1-\lambda)+1\\\\</p>
<p>&amp;=\lambda^2-4\lambda+4</p>
<p>\end{align*}$$</p>


<p><mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="2" style="vertical-align: 0;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.131ex" height="1.507ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 500 666" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-212-TEX-N-32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><use data-c="32" xlink:href="#MJX-212-TEX-N-32"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container>. Bestimme die Eigenwerte</p>


<p>Berechne dafür die Nullstellen des charakteristischen Polynoms.</p>
<p>Verwende die PQ-Formel.</p>


<p>$$\begin{align*}</p>
<p>\lambda_{1,2}&amp;=2\pm \sqrt{2^2-4}\\\\</p>
<p>&amp;=2\pm0</p>
<p>\end{align*}$$</p>


<p>$$\Rightarrow \lambda=2 \quad (\text{ist ein doppelter Eigenwert})$$</p>


<p><mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="3" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.131ex" height="1.554ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -665 500 687" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-215-TEX-N-33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><use data-c="33" xlink:href="#MJX-215-TEX-N-33"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container>. Bestimme die Eigenräume</p>


<p>Berechne den Eigenraum von $A$ zum Eigenwert $\lambda=2$</p>


<p>Berechne den Eigenraum von <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="A" style="vertical-align: 0;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.697ex" height="1.62ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -716 750 716" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-216-TEX-I-1D434" d="M208 74Q208 50 254 46Q272 46 272 35Q272 34 270 22Q267 8 264 4T251 0Q249 0 239 0T205 1T141 2Q70 2 50 0H42Q35 7 35 11Q37 38 48 46H62Q132 49 164 96Q170 102 345 401T523 704Q530 716 547 716H555H572Q578 707 578 706L606 383Q634 60 636 57Q641 46 701 46Q726 46 726 36Q726 34 723 22Q720 7 718 4T704 0Q701 0 690 0T651 1T578 2Q484 2 455 0H443Q437 6 437 9T439 27Q443 40 445 43L449 46H469Q523 49 533 63L521 213H283L249 155Q208 86 208 74ZM516 260Q516 271 504 416T490 562L463 519Q447 492 400 412L310 260L413 259Q516 259 516 260Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><use data-c="1D434" xlink:href="#MJX-216-TEX-I-1D434"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container> zum Eigenwert <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="\lambda=2" style="vertical-align: -0.186ex;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="5.467ex" height="1.756ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -694 2416.6 776" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-217-TEX-I-1D706" d="M166 673Q166 685 183 694H202Q292 691 316 644Q322 629 373 486T474 207T524 67Q531 47 537 34T546 15T551 6T555 2T556 -2T550 -11H482Q457 3 450 18T399 152L354 277L340 262Q327 246 293 207T236 141Q211 112 174 69Q123 9 111 -1T83 -12Q47 -12 47 20Q47 37 61 52T199 187Q229 216 266 252T321 306L338 322Q338 323 288 462T234 612Q214 657 183 657Q166 657 166 673Z"></path><path id="MJX-217-TEX-N-3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path><path id="MJX-217-TEX-N-32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><use data-c="1D706" xlink:href="#MJX-217-TEX-I-1D706"></use></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(860.8,0)"><use data-c="3D" xlink:href="#MJX-217-TEX-N-3D"></use></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1916.6,0)"><use data-c="32" xlink:href="#MJX-217-TEX-N-32"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></p>


<p>$$\begin{align*}</p>
<p>\operatorname{Eig}_A(2)&amp;=\ker(A-2E)</p>
<p>\phantom{\operatorname{Eig}_A(2)}\\\\</p>
<p>&amp;=\ker\left(\begin{array}{cc} 1&amp; -1 \\ 1 &amp; -1\end{array}\right)</p>
<p>\phantom{\operatorname{Eig}_A(2)}\\\\\</p>
<p>&amp;=\ker\left(\begin{array}{cc}1 &amp; -1 \\ 0 &amp; 0\end{array}\right)\\</p>
<p>\phantom{\operatorname{Eig}_A(2)}\\</p>
<p>&amp;=\left\{x \in \mathbb{C}^{2}: x_{1}=x_{2}\right\}</p>
<p>\end{align*}$$</p>


<p>Wähle zum Beispiel <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="x_2=1" style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="6.43ex" height="1.846ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 2842.1 816" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-219-TEX-I-1D465" d="M52 289Q59 331 106 386T222 442Q257 442 286 424T329 379Q371 442 430 442Q467 442 494 420T522 361Q522 332 508 314T481 292T458 288Q439 288 427 299T415 328Q415 374 465 391Q454 404 425 404Q412 404 406 402Q368 386 350 336Q290 115 290 78Q290 50 306 38T341 26Q378 26 414 59T463 140Q466 150 469 151T485 153H489Q504 153 504 145Q504 144 502 134Q486 77 440 33T333 -11Q263 -11 227 52Q186 -10 133 -10H127Q78 -10 57 16T35 71Q35 103 54 123T99 143Q142 143 142 101Q142 81 130 66T107 46T94 41L91 40Q91 39 97 36T113 29T132 26Q168 26 194 71Q203 87 217 139T245 247T261 313Q266 340 266 352Q266 380 251 392T217 404Q177 404 142 372T93 290Q91 281 88 280T72 278H58Q52 284 52 289Z"></path><path id="MJX-219-TEX-N-32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path><path id="MJX-219-TEX-N-3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path><path id="MJX-219-TEX-N-31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><use data-c="1D465" xlink:href="#MJX-219-TEX-I-1D465"></use></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(605,-150) scale(0.707)"><use data-c="32" xlink:href="#MJX-219-TEX-N-32"></use></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1286.3,0)"><use data-c="3D" xlink:href="#MJX-219-TEX-N-3D"></use></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2342.1,0)"><use data-c="31" xlink:href="#MJX-219-TEX-N-31"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container>.</p>


<p>$$\begin{align*}</p>
<p>\operatorname{Eig}_A(2)</p>
<p>=\left\langle\left(\begin{array}{l}1 \\1\end{array}\right)\right\rangle</p>
<p>\end{align*}$$</p>


<p>$4$. Bestimme den normierten Eigenvektor</p>


<p><mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="4" style="vertical-align: 0;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.131ex" height="1.532ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -677 500 677" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-221-TEX-N-34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><use data-c="34" xlink:href="#MJX-221-TEX-N-34"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container>. Bestimme den normierten Eigenvektor</p>


<p>$\Rightarrow\left(\begin{array}{l}1 \\ 1\end{array}\right)$ ist ein Eigenvektor von $A$ zum Eigenwert $\lambda$</p>


<p><mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="\Rightarrow\left(\begin{array}{l}1 \\ 1\end{array}\right)" style="vertical-align: -2.149ex;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="7.352ex" height="5.43ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -1450 3249.8 2400" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-222-TEX-N-21D2" d="M580 514Q580 525 596 525Q601 525 604 525T609 525T613 524T615 523T617 520T619 517T622 512Q659 438 720 381T831 300T927 263Q944 258 944 250T935 239T898 228T840 204Q696 134 622 -12Q618 -21 615 -22T600 -24Q580 -24 580 -17Q580 -13 585 0Q620 69 671 123L681 133H70Q56 140 56 153Q56 168 72 173H725L735 181Q774 211 852 250Q851 251 834 259T789 283T735 319L725 327H72Q56 332 56 347Q56 360 70 367H681L671 377Q638 412 609 458T580 514Z"></path><path id="MJX-222-TEX-S3-28" d="M701 -940Q701 -943 695 -949H664Q662 -947 636 -922T591 -879T537 -818T475 -737T412 -636T350 -511T295 -362T250 -186T221 17T209 251Q209 962 573 1361Q596 1386 616 1405T649 1437T664 1450H695Q701 1444 701 1441Q701 1436 681 1415T629 1356T557 1261T476 1118T400 927T340 675T308 359Q306 321 306 250Q306 -139 400 -430T690 -924Q701 -936 701 -940Z"></path><path id="MJX-222-TEX-N-31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path id="MJX-222-TEX-S3-29" d="M34 1438Q34 1446 37 1448T50 1450H56H71Q73 1448 99 1423T144 1380T198 1319T260 1238T323 1137T385 1013T440 864T485 688T514 485T526 251Q526 134 519 53Q472 -519 162 -860Q139 -885 119 -904T86 -936T71 -949H56Q43 -949 39 -947T34 -937Q88 -883 140 -813Q428 -430 428 251Q428 453 402 628T338 922T245 1146T145 1309T46 1425Q44 1427 42 1429T39 1433T36 1436L34 1438Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mo"><use data-c="21D2" xlink:href="#MJX-222-TEX-N-21D2"></use></g><g data-mml-node="mrow" transform="translate(1277.8,0)"><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(0 -0.5)"><use data-c="28" xlink:href="#MJX-222-TEX-S3-28"></use></g><g data-mml-node="mtable" transform="translate(736,0)"><g data-mml-node="mtr" transform="translate(0,700)"><g data-mml-node="mtd"><g data-mml-node="mn"><use data-c="31" xlink:href="#MJX-222-TEX-N-31"></use></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mtr" transform="translate(0,-700)"><g data-mml-node="mtd"><g data-mml-node="mn"><use data-c="31" xlink:href="#MJX-222-TEX-N-31"></use></g></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1236,0) translate(0 -0.5)"><use data-c="29" xlink:href="#MJX-222-TEX-S3-29"></use></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container> ist ein Eigenvektor von <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="A" style="vertical-align: 0;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.697ex" height="1.62ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -716 750 716" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-223-TEX-I-1D434" d="M208 74Q208 50 254 46Q272 46 272 35Q272 34 270 22Q267 8 264 4T251 0Q249 0 239 0T205 1T141 2Q70 2 50 0H42Q35 7 35 11Q37 38 48 46H62Q132 49 164 96Q170 102 345 401T523 704Q530 716 547 716H555H572Q578 707 578 706L606 383Q634 60 636 57Q641 46 701 46Q726 46 726 36Q726 34 723 22Q720 7 718 4T704 0Q701 0 690 0T651 1T578 2Q484 2 455 0H443Q437 6 437 9T439 27Q443 40 445 43L449 46H469Q523 49 533 63L521 213H283L249 155Q208 86 208 74ZM516 260Q516 271 504 416T490 562L463 519Q447 492 400 412L310 260L413 259Q516 259 516 260Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><use data-c="1D434" xlink:href="#MJX-223-TEX-I-1D434"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container> zum Eigenwert <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg alt="\lambda" style="vertical-align: -0.027ex;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.319ex" height="1.597ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -694 583 706" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><path id="MJX-224-TEX-I-1D706" d="M166 673Q166 685 183 694H202Q292 691 316 644Q322 629 373 486T474 207T524 67Q531 47 537 34T546 15T551 6T555 2T556 -2T550 -11H482Q457 3 450 18T399 152L354 277L340 262Q327 246 293 207T236 141Q211 112 174 69Q123 9 111 -1T83 -12Q47 -12 47 20Q47 37 61 52T199 187Q229 216 266 252T321 306L338 322Q338 323 288 462T234 612Q214 657 183 657Q166 657 166 673Z"></path></defs><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><use data-c="1D706" xlink:href="#MJX-224-TEX-I-1D706"></use></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></p>


<p>$$v=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\begin{array}{l}1 \\ 1\end{array}\right)$$</p>

<p>Bestimme die Eigenwerte und die normierten Eigenvektoren von</p>
<p>$$A= \left(\begin{array}{cc}3 &amp; -1 \\ 1 &amp; 1\end{array}\right)$$</p>

<p>Bestimme die Eigenwerte und die normierten Eigenvektoren von</p>
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Dies ist eine interaktive Aufgabe zu: Eigenwerte, Eigenvektoren, Eigenraum mit praktischen Tipps zum Lösen und einer Zusammenfassung der nötigen Theorie

Aufgabenstellung:

Lösungsweg:

Lösung: